Colloid mill construction and working can be summarized as follows: the unit consists of a motor-driven rotor, a fixed stator, an adjustable clearance mechanism, feed hopper, and discharge outlet. During working, the rotor spins at high speed while the stator remains stationary, and material fed into the narrow gap experiences intense shear and turbulence that reduces particle size, producing a fine, homogeneous colloidal dispersion suitable for pharmaceutical formulations.